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Past Simple: Affirmative (Irregular Verbs)

Most verbs in the past take -ed. These are regular verbs.

However, some verbs don't take -ed. They change completely, and that is why they are called irregular verbs.

How do we know which verbs are regular and which are irregular? There is no way to know and that makes it a bit difficult. But almost all irregular verbs are common, everyday verbs that we use all the time, so it's easier to remember them. The more you use these verbs when you speak, read and write, the sooner you'll get to know them.

What is the change? How do these irregular verbs change in the past? Most verbs look like brothers - they're alike but different.

For example: have = had
win = won

There are only a few verbs that change completely.

For example: go = went

Here is a list of some of the irregular verbs. Try to learn them.

Verb Past Simple Example
drink drank They drank a lot of water yesterday.
eat ate She ate a lot of cake beacuse she was hungry.
feel felt I felt sick last night.
fight fought They fought last year, but now they're friends.
give gave She gave me a big gift on my birthday.
go went You went home with your mother yesterday.
have had We had a rabbit two years ago.
lose lost We lost our dog last year.
speak spoke I spoke to your teacher last night.
take took She took the gift and smiled.
teach taught He taught me everything I know.
understand understood They liked the new game when they understood how to play it.
wake up woke up I woke up at seven yesterday.
win won We won the game.

Remember

The verb in the past simple doesn't change with the different pronouns.

For example: She won the game last year.
We won the game two years ago.

Nationalities

The name of the people who live in a country is based on the name of that country. We take the name of the country and change it into an adjective. Like all adjectives, it comes before the noun.

For example: The American people
Chinese food

When these names come on their own, they are nouns. In this case they can come with an s to mean the plural (more than one). With an s, they mean the people from that country.

For example: Canadians = The Canadian people
Brazilians = The Brazilian people

Remember!

These words are names (of people or of their language), so they will always begin with a capital letter.
There are different ways to form these adjectives and nouns. Look at the table for some examples.

Country People Example
America American The American people speak English.
Russia Russian Russians speak Russian.
Ethiopia Ethiopian I ate Ethiopian food yesterday.
Canada Canadian Some Canadians speak English and French.
Italy Italian People in Italy speak Italian.
Brazil Brazilian Brazilians live in Brazil.
England English Children in many countries learn English.
Spain Spanish Those sailors are Spanish. They all speak Spanish.
Ireland Irish Irish people speak English.
Pakistan Paskistani I saw a Pakistani movie yesterday.
Yemen Yemeni Yemenis live in Yemen.
China Chinese In China, many Chinese like to ride bicycles. They speak Chinese.
France French The French love to speak French and sing French songs.
Greece Greek The Greeks have great old stories in Greek.
Holland Dutch Dutch people living in Holland speak Dutch.